Disable "Network Location Awareness (NLA)" service (breaks auto-reconnect, connectivity status, network identification)

Overview

About this script

This script improves your privacy on Windows.

These changes use Windows system commands to update your settings.

This script disables the Network Location Awareness (NLA) service.

NLA collects and stores network configuration information and notifies programs of changes 1 2 3 4 5 6. This data collection can pose privacy concerns. It determines network connectivity type and properties, helping Windows manage connections 7 8. NLA uses the Network Connectivity Status Indicator (NCSI) to assess internet connectivity 7 9. NCSI is responsible for detecting Internet connectivity status 9.

Key functions of NLA:

• Generates unique identifiers (GUIDs) for each network interface 6 10
• Interacts with Windows Firewall to apply appropriate rules based on network profiles 10
• Provides connectivity status for various applications such as Microsoft Teams and Windows Update 8

Benefits of disabling NLA:

• Enhances privacy by stopping communication with Microsoft servers for connectivity detection (NCSI) 7 8 9 11
• Increases security by reducing potential vulnerabilities 12 13
• Reduces background processes, potentially optimizing system performance 4 15

Microsoft considers this service 'OK to disable' to reduce data collection and optimize system performance 4. Disabling NLA does not impact the essential operations of the operating system 14. Citrix recommends disabling it on VDI/RDS machines 15.

Side effects of disabling NLA:

• Lack of network configuration information 1 2 3 4 5 11
• Failure of related services on Windows 10 such as Dhcp, nsi, RpcSs, Tcpip EventLog and netprofm 2 3
• Issues with network identification (such as "Home", "Work", "Public") and firewall profile determination 10
• Broken internet connectivity status detection and network status alerts 7 9
• Problems with captive portal (hotspot) detection 11
• Difficulties with the auto-reconnect functionality of different apps 6 14 16

Caution

This may lead to:

• Lack of immediate feedback on network status.
• Potential functionality issues in the system and applications that rely on NCSI for network information.
• Reduced ability of Windows and other components to determine internet connectivity.
• Windows and other software may incorrectly report that you're offline.
• Issues with automatically opening the sign-in page when a captive portal (hotspot) is detected.

Overview of default service statuses

This service runs and starts by default on Windows 10 2 3 but not on Windows 11 1. NLA service is available on both Windows 10 2 3 and Windows 11 1, but its NCSI functionality applies to Windows 10 and Windows Server 2019 and earlier versions 11. Its functionality has been replaced by Network List Service (NLS) on Windows 11 and Windows Server 2022 and later 8 11. This script does not disable this service on Windows 11 as it no longer manages NCSI and offers no clear privacy benefit. This script targets Windows 10, where disabling NLA enhances privacy by preventing NCSI functionality.

OS Version	Status	Start type
Windows 10 (≥ 22H2)	🟢 Running	Automatic
Windows 11 (≥ 23H2)	🔴 Stopped	Manual

This script uses Batch (batchfile) scripting language.

Not Advised

This script should only be used by advanced users. This script is not recommended for daily use as it breaks important functionality. Do not run it without having backups and system snapshots.

Implementation Details

• Language: batch

• Required Privileges: Administrator rights

• Compatibility: Windows only

• Reversibility: Can be undone using provided revert script

Explore Categories

Disable connectivity checks

This action belongs to Disable connectivity checks category. This category contains scripts that disable various connectivity checks performed by Windows. Connectivity checks allow Windows to assess network status and quality. These checks involve communication with Microsoft servers, which may raise privacy concerns. Disabling these checks reduces data... Read more on category page ▶

Disable OS data collection

This action belongs to Disable OS data collection category. This category configures Windows using 153 scripts. These scripts are organized in 33 categories. The category includes 14 subscripts and 13 subcategories that include more scripts and categories. Read more on category page ▶

Apply now

Choose one of three ways to apply:

1. Automatically via privacy.sexy: The easiest and safest option.
2. Manually by downloading: Requires downloading a file.
3. Manually by copying: Advanced flexibility.

Alternative 1. Apply with Privacy.sexy

privacy.sexy is free and open-source application that lets securely apply this action easily.

Open privacy.sexy

You can fully restore this action (revert back to the original behavior) using the application.

privacy.sexy instructions

1. Open or download the desktop application
2. Search for the script name: Disable "Network Location Awareness (NLA)" service (breaks auto-reconnect, connectivity status, network identification).
3. Check the script by clicking on the checkbox.
4. Click on Run button at the bottom of the page.

Alternative 2. Download

Irreversible Changes

This script is irreversible, meaning there is no straightforward method to restore changes once applied. Exercise caution before running, restoring it may not be possible.

1. Download the script file by clicking on the button below:

   Download script

2. Run the script file by clicking on it.

Download revert script

This file restores your system to its original state, before this script is applied.

Download restore script

Alternative 3. Copy

This is for advanced users. Consider automatically applying or downloading the script for simpler way.

1. Open Command Prompt as administrator.

HELP: Step-by-step guide

1. Click on Start menu

   Windows 11

   

   Windows 10

   

2. Type cmd

   Windows 11

   

   Windows 10

   

3. Right click on Command Prompt select Run as administrator

   Windows 11

   

   Windows 10

   

4. Click on Yes to run Command Prompt

   Windows 11

   

   Windows 10

   

---

Windows 11

Windows 10

2. Copy the following code:

Code to apply changes

:: Disable service(s): `NlaSvc`
:: This operation will not run on Windows versions later than Windows10-MostRecent.
PowerShell -ExecutionPolicy Unrestricted -Command "$versionName = 'Windows10-MostRecent'; $buildNumber = switch ($versionName) { 'Windows11-21H2' { '10.0.22000' }; 'Windows10-MostRecent' { '10.0.19045' }; 'Windows10-22H2' { '10.0.19045' }; 'Windows10-1909' { '10.0.18363' }; 'Windows10-1903' { '10.0.18362' }; default { throw "^""Internal privacy$([char]0x002E)sexy error: No build for maximum Windows '$versionName'"^""; }; }; $maxVersion=[System.Version]::Parse($buildNumber); $ver = [Environment]::OSVersion.Version; $verNoPatch = [System.Version]::new($ver.Major, $ver.Minor, $ver.Build); if ($verNoPatch -gt $maxVersion) { Write-Output "^""Skipping: Windows ($verNoPatch) is above maximum $maxVersion ($versionName)"^""; Exit 0; }; $serviceName = 'NlaSvc'; Write-Host "^""Disabling service: `"^""$serviceName`"^""."^""; <# -- 1. Skip if service does not exist #>; $service = Get-Service -Name $serviceName -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue; if(!$service) { Write-Host "^""Service `"^""$serviceName`"^"" could not be not found, no need to disable it."^""; Exit 0; }; <# -- 2. Stop if running #>; if ($service.Status -eq [System.ServiceProcess.ServiceControllerStatus]::Running) { Write-Host "^""`"^""$serviceName`"^"" is running, stopping it."^""; try { Stop-Service -Name "^""$serviceName"^"" -Force -ErrorAction Stop; Write-Host "^""Stopped `"^""$serviceName`"^"" successfully."^""; } catch { Write-Warning "^""Could not stop `"^""$serviceName`"^"", it will be stopped after reboot: $_"^""; }; } else { Write-Host "^""`"^""$serviceName`"^"" is not running, no need to stop."^""; }; <# -- 3. Skip if already disabled #>; $startupType = $service.StartType <# Does not work before .NET 4.6.1 #>; if (!$startupType) { $startupType = (Get-WmiObject -Query "^""Select StartMode From Win32_Service Where Name='$serviceName'"^"" -ErrorAction Ignore).StartMode; if(!$startupType) { $startupType = (Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_Service -Property StartMode -Filter "^""Name='$serviceName'"^"" -ErrorAction Ignore).StartMode; }; }; if ($startupType -eq 'Disabled') { Write-Host "^""$serviceName is already disabled, no further action is needed"^""; Exit 0; }; <# -- 4. Disable service #>; try { Set-Service -Name "^""$serviceName"^"" -StartupType Disabled -Confirm:$false -ErrorAction Stop; Write-Host "^""Disabled `"^""$serviceName`"^"" successfully."^""; } catch { Write-Error "^""Could not disable `"^""$serviceName`"^"": $_"^""; }"

3. Right click on command prompt to paste it.
4. Press Enter to apply remaining code.

Copy restore code

Copy and run the following code to restore changes:

Revert code

:: Restore service(s) to default state: `NlaSvc`
:: This operation will not run on Windows versions later than Windows10-MostRecent.
PowerShell -ExecutionPolicy Unrestricted -Command "$versionName = 'Windows10-MostRecent'; $buildNumber = switch ($versionName) { 'Windows11-21H2' { '10.0.22000' }; 'Windows10-MostRecent' { '10.0.19045' }; 'Windows10-22H2' { '10.0.19045' }; 'Windows10-1909' { '10.0.18363' }; 'Windows10-1903' { '10.0.18362' }; default { throw "^""Internal privacy$([char]0x002E)sexy error: No build for maximum Windows '$versionName'"^""; }; }; $maxVersion=[System.Version]::Parse($buildNumber); $ver = [Environment]::OSVersion.Version; $verNoPatch = [System.Version]::new($ver.Major, $ver.Minor, $ver.Build); if ($verNoPatch -gt $maxVersion) { Write-Output "^""Skipping: Windows ($verNoPatch) is above maximum $maxVersion ($versionName)"^""; Exit 0; }; $serviceName = 'NlaSvc'; $defaultStartupMode = 'Automatic'; $ignoreMissingOnRevert =  $false; Write-Host "^""Reverting service `"^""$serviceName`"^"" start to `"^""$defaultStartupMode`"^""."^""; <# -- 1. Skip if service does not exist #>; $service = Get-Service -Name $serviceName -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue; if (!$service) { if ($ignoreMissingOnRevert) { Write-Output "^""Skipping: The service `"^""$serviceName`"^"" is not found. No action required."^""; Exit 0; }; Write-Warning "^""Failed to revert changes to the service `"^""$serviceName`"^"". The service is not found."^""; Exit 1; }; <# -- 2. Enable or skip if already enabled #>; $startupType = $service.StartType <# Does not work before .NET 4.6.1 #>; if (!$startupType) { $startupType = (Get-WmiObject -Query "^""Select StartMode From Win32_Service Where Name='$serviceName'"^"" -ErrorAction Ignore).StartMode; if (!$startupType) { $startupType = (Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_Service -Property StartMode -Filter "^""Name='$serviceName'"^"" -ErrorAction Ignore).StartMode; }; }; if ($startupType -eq "^""$defaultStartupMode"^"") { Write-Host "^""`"^""$serviceName`"^"" has already expected startup mode: `"^""$defaultStartupMode`"^"". No action required."^""; } else { try { Set-Service -Name "^""$serviceName"^"" -StartupType "^""$defaultStartupMode"^"" -Confirm:$false -ErrorAction Stop; Write-Host "^""Reverted `"^""$serviceName`"^"" with `"^""$defaultStartupMode`"^"" start, this may require restarting your computer."^""; } catch { Write-Error "^""Failed to enable `"^""$serviceName`"^"": $_"^""; Exit 1; }; }; <# -- 4. Start if not running (must be enabled first) #>; if ($defaultStartupMode -eq 'Automatic' -or $defaultStartupMode -eq 'Boot' -or $defaultStartupMode -eq 'System') { if ($service.Status -ne [System.ServiceProcess.ServiceControllerStatus]::Running) { Write-Host "^""`"^""$serviceName`"^"" is not running, starting it."^""; try { Start-Service $serviceName -ErrorAction Stop; Write-Host "^""Started `"^""$serviceName`"^"" successfully."^""; } catch { Write-Warning "^""Failed to start `"^""$serviceName`"^"", requires restart, it will be started after reboot.`r`n$_"^""; }; } else { Write-Host "^""`"^""$serviceName`"^"" is already running, no need to start."^""; }; }"

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